‘This book analyses the structural and institutional transformations undergone by doctoral education’. These transformations are examined at the macro, meso and micro levels. At the micro level, the book addresses ‘the doctoral candidates’ experiences of the doctoral degree, their motivations and expectations of the degree during and after the research training. The corresponding chapters explore and problematize ‘the changes in the PhD labour market’, ‘the labour market preferences of doctorate holders’, the ‘issue of a broader skillset’ for PhD students, and ‘the motivations and expectations’ behind the enrolment in new types of doctoral degrees, such as the industrial doctorate.